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cell apoptosis  (Multi Sciences (Lianke) Biotech Co Ltd)


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    Multi Sciences (Lianke) Biotech Co Ltd cell apoptosis
    Elevated NETosis is observed in mice after challenged with CPA. (A–C) CPA intoxication induces an increase in NETs markers. (A) The levels of plasma MPO-DNA of PBS controls and CPA-treated at different time points were detected using ELISA. (B) The levels of plasma CitH3 of PBS controls and CPA-treated at different time points were detected using ELISA. (C) The levels of plasma cfDNA of PBS controls and CPA-treated at different time points were detected using the Picogreen method. Data are mean ± SD, n = 4. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. Control. ns, not significant). (D) Representative immunofluorescence images of CitH3 and MPO in neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood of PBS controls and CPA-treated. Scale bar = 10 μm. (E) Protein levels of PAD4 and CitH3 in peripheral blood, spleen and lung from PBS controls and CPA-treated were detected using Western blot ( n = 3). (F) Quantitative analysis of PAD4 and CitH3 in peripheral blood, spleen and lung from mice PBS controls and CPA-treated. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (G) Representative images demonstrating NETs presence through co-expression of CitH3 and MPO in the spleen and lung subjected to CPA treated. Scale bar = 50 μm. (H) Quantitative analysis of MPO and CitH3 in spleen and lung from mice PBS controls and CPA-treated. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗ P < 0.05; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (I) Caspase-3 activity was measured in neutrophils using a fluorometric assay. The relative Caspase-3 activity is shown, with minimal activation observed, indicating a lack of <t>apoptosis.</t> Flow cytometric analysis of neutrophils stained with Annexin V-PE and 7AAD. Representative dot plots show the distribution of cells in different quadrants: Q1 (Annexin V − /7AAD + ), Q2 (Annexin V + /7AAD + ), Q3 (Annexin V + /7AAD − ), and Q4 (Annexin V − /7AAD − ). The majority of neutrophils were found in Q4, indicating intact cell membranes and absence of phosphatidylserine exposure, which is inconsistent with apoptosis. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant).
    Cell Apoptosis, supplied by Multi Sciences (Lianke) Biotech Co Ltd, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 98/100, based on 2 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/control+solution/Apoptosis+Positive+Control+Solution/pmc12891852-172-0-10
    Average 98 stars, based on 2 article reviews
    cell apoptosis - by Bioz Stars, 2026-11
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    Images

    1) Product Images from "Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin drives pathological NETosis via immature neutrophil mobilization and functional reprogramming"

    Article Title: Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin drives pathological NETosis via immature neutrophil mobilization and functional reprogramming

    Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B

    doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2025.09.011

    Elevated NETosis is observed in mice after challenged with CPA. (A–C) CPA intoxication induces an increase in NETs markers. (A) The levels of plasma MPO-DNA of PBS controls and CPA-treated at different time points were detected using ELISA. (B) The levels of plasma CitH3 of PBS controls and CPA-treated at different time points were detected using ELISA. (C) The levels of plasma cfDNA of PBS controls and CPA-treated at different time points were detected using the Picogreen method. Data are mean ± SD, n = 4. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. Control. ns, not significant). (D) Representative immunofluorescence images of CitH3 and MPO in neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood of PBS controls and CPA-treated. Scale bar = 10 μm. (E) Protein levels of PAD4 and CitH3 in peripheral blood, spleen and lung from PBS controls and CPA-treated were detected using Western blot ( n = 3). (F) Quantitative analysis of PAD4 and CitH3 in peripheral blood, spleen and lung from mice PBS controls and CPA-treated. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (G) Representative images demonstrating NETs presence through co-expression of CitH3 and MPO in the spleen and lung subjected to CPA treated. Scale bar = 50 μm. (H) Quantitative analysis of MPO and CitH3 in spleen and lung from mice PBS controls and CPA-treated. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗ P < 0.05; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (I) Caspase-3 activity was measured in neutrophils using a fluorometric assay. The relative Caspase-3 activity is shown, with minimal activation observed, indicating a lack of apoptosis. Flow cytometric analysis of neutrophils stained with Annexin V-PE and 7AAD. Representative dot plots show the distribution of cells in different quadrants: Q1 (Annexin V − /7AAD + ), Q2 (Annexin V + /7AAD + ), Q3 (Annexin V + /7AAD − ), and Q4 (Annexin V − /7AAD − ). The majority of neutrophils were found in Q4, indicating intact cell membranes and absence of phosphatidylserine exposure, which is inconsistent with apoptosis. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant).
    Figure Legend Snippet: Elevated NETosis is observed in mice after challenged with CPA. (A–C) CPA intoxication induces an increase in NETs markers. (A) The levels of plasma MPO-DNA of PBS controls and CPA-treated at different time points were detected using ELISA. (B) The levels of plasma CitH3 of PBS controls and CPA-treated at different time points were detected using ELISA. (C) The levels of plasma cfDNA of PBS controls and CPA-treated at different time points were detected using the Picogreen method. Data are mean ± SD, n = 4. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. Control. ns, not significant). (D) Representative immunofluorescence images of CitH3 and MPO in neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood of PBS controls and CPA-treated. Scale bar = 10 μm. (E) Protein levels of PAD4 and CitH3 in peripheral blood, spleen and lung from PBS controls and CPA-treated were detected using Western blot ( n = 3). (F) Quantitative analysis of PAD4 and CitH3 in peripheral blood, spleen and lung from mice PBS controls and CPA-treated. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (G) Representative images demonstrating NETs presence through co-expression of CitH3 and MPO in the spleen and lung subjected to CPA treated. Scale bar = 50 μm. (H) Quantitative analysis of MPO and CitH3 in spleen and lung from mice PBS controls and CPA-treated. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗ P < 0.05; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (I) Caspase-3 activity was measured in neutrophils using a fluorometric assay. The relative Caspase-3 activity is shown, with minimal activation observed, indicating a lack of apoptosis. Flow cytometric analysis of neutrophils stained with Annexin V-PE and 7AAD. Representative dot plots show the distribution of cells in different quadrants: Q1 (Annexin V − /7AAD + ), Q2 (Annexin V + /7AAD + ), Q3 (Annexin V + /7AAD − ), and Q4 (Annexin V − /7AAD − ). The majority of neutrophils were found in Q4, indicating intact cell membranes and absence of phosphatidylserine exposure, which is inconsistent with apoptosis. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant).

    Techniques Used: Clinical Proteomics, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control, Immunofluorescence, Isolation, Western Blot, Two Tailed Test, Expressing, Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Staining

    CPA directly induces NETosis in both murine and human neutrophils in vitro . (A) Representative immunofluorescence images of purified neutrophils from mice stimulated in vitro with PBS, CPA, or PMA (positive control). Cells were stained for CitH3 (red) and MPO (green). Scale bar = 10 μm. (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of purified neutrophils from humans stimulated in vitro with PBS, CPA, or PMA (positive control). Cells were stained for CitH3 (red) and MPO (green). Scale bar = 10 μm. (C) Flow cytometric analysis of intracellular ROS production in mice PBMCs stimulated in vitro with PBS, CPA, or Rosup (positive control). Histograms show DCFH-DA fluorescence within the gated neutrophil population. (D) Flow cytometric analysis of intracellular ROS production in human PBMCs stimulated in vitro . Histograms show DCFH-DA fluorescence within the gated neutrophil population. (E) Relative mRNA expression of NETs-associated genes in stimulated mice PBMCs ( Tlr4 , Padi4 , Hmox1 , Nfe2l2 , and Cybb ) and human PBMCs ( TLR4 , PADI4 , HMOX1 , NFE2L2 , and CYBB ), as determined by qPCR. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (∗ P < 0.05; ∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (F) Representative Western blot detecting PAD4 and CitH3 protein levels in lysates from stimulated mice PBMCs and human PBMCs ( n = 3). (G) Densitometric quantification of the protein bands shown in (F). Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (∗ P < 0.05; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (H) Caspase-3 activity measured by flow cytometry within the gated neutrophil population of stimulated mice PBMCs and human PBMCs. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test ( vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (I) Flow cytometric analysis of apoptosis in stimulated mice PBMCs and human PBMCs using Annexin V and 7-AAD staining. Representative dot plots are shown. The bar graph shows the quantification of the live cell percentage (Annexin V − /7-AAD - ) within the gated neutrophil population. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant).
    Figure Legend Snippet: CPA directly induces NETosis in both murine and human neutrophils in vitro . (A) Representative immunofluorescence images of purified neutrophils from mice stimulated in vitro with PBS, CPA, or PMA (positive control). Cells were stained for CitH3 (red) and MPO (green). Scale bar = 10 μm. (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of purified neutrophils from humans stimulated in vitro with PBS, CPA, or PMA (positive control). Cells were stained for CitH3 (red) and MPO (green). Scale bar = 10 μm. (C) Flow cytometric analysis of intracellular ROS production in mice PBMCs stimulated in vitro with PBS, CPA, or Rosup (positive control). Histograms show DCFH-DA fluorescence within the gated neutrophil population. (D) Flow cytometric analysis of intracellular ROS production in human PBMCs stimulated in vitro . Histograms show DCFH-DA fluorescence within the gated neutrophil population. (E) Relative mRNA expression of NETs-associated genes in stimulated mice PBMCs ( Tlr4 , Padi4 , Hmox1 , Nfe2l2 , and Cybb ) and human PBMCs ( TLR4 , PADI4 , HMOX1 , NFE2L2 , and CYBB ), as determined by qPCR. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (∗ P < 0.05; ∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (F) Representative Western blot detecting PAD4 and CitH3 protein levels in lysates from stimulated mice PBMCs and human PBMCs ( n = 3). (G) Densitometric quantification of the protein bands shown in (F). Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (∗ P < 0.05; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (H) Caspase-3 activity measured by flow cytometry within the gated neutrophil population of stimulated mice PBMCs and human PBMCs. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test ( vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (I) Flow cytometric analysis of apoptosis in stimulated mice PBMCs and human PBMCs using Annexin V and 7-AAD staining. Representative dot plots are shown. The bar graph shows the quantification of the live cell percentage (Annexin V − /7-AAD - ) within the gated neutrophil population. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant).

    Techniques Used: In Vitro, Immunofluorescence, Purification, Positive Control, Staining, Fluorescence, Expressing, Western Blot, Activity Assay, Flow Cytometry, Two Tailed Test

    Related Articles

    other:

    Article Title: Targeting PSMB5-induced PANoptosis in bladder cancer: multi-omics insights and TCM candidate discovery
    Article Snippet: Apoptosis was evaluated utilizing the Annexin V-FITC/PI kit (Multi Sciences #AP101) in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications.

    Article Title: Long non-coding RNA RP11-196G11.6 inhibits neuroblastoma progression by regulating the miR-376a-3p/RYBP signaling axis
    Article Snippet: After incubation for 2 h at 37°C, the absorbance values of each well were determined at a wavelength of 450 nm using a microplate reader (cat. no. WD-2012B; Beijing Liuyi Biotechnology, Co., Ltd.).

    Article Title: Design, synthesis and verification of HPV16 and HPV18 multiple antigens peptides
    Article Snippet: Considering that U14/HPV18E6E7 cells carried GFP, the apoptosis assay was stained with APC/7-AAD cells apoptosis kit (MultiSciences, Cat: AP105, China).

    Article Title: Design, synthesis and verification of HPV16 and HPV18 multiple antigens peptides.
    Article Snippet: Considering that U14/HPV18E6E7 cells carried GFP, the apoptosis assay was stained with APC/7-AAD cells apoptosis kit (MultiSciences, Cat: AP105, China).

    Positive Control:

    Article Title: Discovery of WWZ-11-098: a rigid and selective CDK6 degrader.
    Article Snippet: Dysregulation of the cell cycle, a hallmark of cancer, frequently involves aberrant activation of cyclin D-CDK4/6 complexes.. Although dual-CDK4/6 inhibitors are effective in advanced hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer, CDK6 is preferentially expressed and functionally upregulated in hematologic malignancies, making it a promising therapeutic target.. The high structural homology between CDK4 and CDK6, however, has made developing selective CDK6 inhibitors exceptionally difficult.

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Discovery of WWZ-11-098: a rigid and selective CDK6 degrader.
    Article Snippet: Dysregulation of the cell cycle, a hallmark of cancer, frequently involves aberrant activation of cyclin D-CDK4/6 complexes.. Although dual-CDK4/6 inhibitors are effective in advanced hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) breast cancer, CDK6 is preferentially expressed and functionally upregulated in hematologic malignancies, making it a promising therapeutic target.. The high structural homology between CDK4 and CDK6, however, has made developing selective CDK6 inhibitors exceptionally difficult.

    Cell-Signaling:

    Article Title: Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin drives pathological NETosis via immature neutrophil mobilization and functional reprogramming
    Article Snippet: .. Cell apoptosis was measured using an Annexin V-PE/7AAD apoptosis kit (MULTISCIENCES, AT104-100, Hangzhou, China) and Cleaved Caspase-3 (Asp175) Antibody (Alexa Fluor 488 Conjugate) (Cell Signaling Technology, 9669S, Danvers, MA, USA). ..



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    Multi Sciences (Lianke) Biotech Co Ltd apoptosis
    Combination of KPT-330 and oxaliplatin induces <t>apoptosis</t> in oxaliplatin-resistant colorectal cancer cells. (A) Apoptosis rate of HCT116/L-OHP and HCT8/L-OHP cells treated with oxaliplatin, KPT-330 or the combination for 48 h, assessed by flow cytometry. The sum of early apoptotic cells (annexin V + /PI - ) in the lower-right quadrant and late apoptotic cells (annexin V + /PI + ) in the upper-right quadrant indicates apoptotic cells, and was used for quantification. (B) Viability of HCT116/L-OHP and HCT8/L-OHP cells treated with oxaliplatin and KPT-330 or the combination with Z-VAD-FMK for 48 h, analyzed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. (C) Apoptosis rate of HCT116/L-OHP and HCT8/L-OHP cells treated with oxaliplatin and KPT-330 or the combination with Z-VAD-FMK for 48 h, analyzed by flow cytometry. The sum of early apoptotic cells (annexin V + /PI - ) in the lower-right quadrant and late apoptotic cells (annexin V + /PI + ) in the upper-right quadrant indicates apoptotic cells, and was used for quantification. (D) Immunoblot analysis of HCT116/L-OHP and HCT8/L-OHP cells treated with oxaliplatin, KPT-330 or the combination for 48 h. ** P<0.01, *** P<0.001, **** P<0.0001. PARP, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase.
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    Elevated NETosis is observed in mice after challenged with CPA. (A–C) CPA intoxication induces an increase in NETs markers. (A) The levels of plasma MPO-DNA of PBS controls and CPA-treated at different time points were detected using ELISA. (B) The levels of plasma CitH3 of PBS controls and CPA-treated at different time points were detected using ELISA. (C) The levels of plasma cfDNA of PBS controls and CPA-treated at different time points were detected using the Picogreen method. Data are mean ± SD, n = 4. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. Control. ns, not significant). (D) Representative immunofluorescence images of CitH3 and MPO in neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood of PBS controls and CPA-treated. Scale bar = 10 μm. (E) Protein levels of PAD4 and CitH3 in peripheral blood, spleen and lung from PBS controls and CPA-treated were detected using Western blot ( n = 3). (F) Quantitative analysis of PAD4 and CitH3 in peripheral blood, spleen and lung from mice PBS controls and CPA-treated. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (G) Representative images demonstrating NETs presence through co-expression of CitH3 and MPO in the spleen and lung subjected to CPA treated. Scale bar = 50 μm. (H) Quantitative analysis of MPO and CitH3 in spleen and lung from mice PBS controls and CPA-treated. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗ P < 0.05; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (I) Caspase-3 activity was measured in neutrophils using a fluorometric assay. The relative Caspase-3 activity is shown, with minimal activation observed, indicating a lack of apoptosis. Flow cytometric analysis of neutrophils stained with Annexin V-PE and 7AAD. Representative dot plots show the distribution of cells in different quadrants: Q1 (Annexin V − /7AAD + ), Q2 (Annexin V + /7AAD + ), Q3 (Annexin V + /7AAD − ), and Q4 (Annexin V − /7AAD − ). The majority of neutrophils were found in Q4, indicating intact cell membranes and absence of phosphatidylserine exposure, which is inconsistent with apoptosis. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant).

    Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B

    Article Title: Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin drives pathological NETosis via immature neutrophil mobilization and functional reprogramming

    doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2025.09.011

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Elevated NETosis is observed in mice after challenged with CPA. (A–C) CPA intoxication induces an increase in NETs markers. (A) The levels of plasma MPO-DNA of PBS controls and CPA-treated at different time points were detected using ELISA. (B) The levels of plasma CitH3 of PBS controls and CPA-treated at different time points were detected using ELISA. (C) The levels of plasma cfDNA of PBS controls and CPA-treated at different time points were detected using the Picogreen method. Data are mean ± SD, n = 4. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. Control. ns, not significant). (D) Representative immunofluorescence images of CitH3 and MPO in neutrophils isolated from peripheral blood of PBS controls and CPA-treated. Scale bar = 10 μm. (E) Protein levels of PAD4 and CitH3 in peripheral blood, spleen and lung from PBS controls and CPA-treated were detected using Western blot ( n = 3). (F) Quantitative analysis of PAD4 and CitH3 in peripheral blood, spleen and lung from mice PBS controls and CPA-treated. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (G) Representative images demonstrating NETs presence through co-expression of CitH3 and MPO in the spleen and lung subjected to CPA treated. Scale bar = 50 μm. (H) Quantitative analysis of MPO and CitH3 in spleen and lung from mice PBS controls and CPA-treated. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗ P < 0.05; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (I) Caspase-3 activity was measured in neutrophils using a fluorometric assay. The relative Caspase-3 activity is shown, with minimal activation observed, indicating a lack of apoptosis. Flow cytometric analysis of neutrophils stained with Annexin V-PE and 7AAD. Representative dot plots show the distribution of cells in different quadrants: Q1 (Annexin V − /7AAD + ), Q2 (Annexin V + /7AAD + ), Q3 (Annexin V + /7AAD − ), and Q4 (Annexin V − /7AAD − ). The majority of neutrophils were found in Q4, indicating intact cell membranes and absence of phosphatidylserine exposure, which is inconsistent with apoptosis. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant).

    Article Snippet: Cell apoptosis was measured using an Annexin V-PE/7AAD apoptosis kit (MULTISCIENCES, AT104-100, Hangzhou, China) and Cleaved Caspase-3 (Asp175) Antibody (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate) (Cell Signaling Technology, 9669S, Danvers, MA, USA).

    Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Control, Immunofluorescence, Isolation, Western Blot, Two Tailed Test, Expressing, Activity Assay, Activation Assay, Staining

    CPA directly induces NETosis in both murine and human neutrophils in vitro . (A) Representative immunofluorescence images of purified neutrophils from mice stimulated in vitro with PBS, CPA, or PMA (positive control). Cells were stained for CitH3 (red) and MPO (green). Scale bar = 10 μm. (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of purified neutrophils from humans stimulated in vitro with PBS, CPA, or PMA (positive control). Cells were stained for CitH3 (red) and MPO (green). Scale bar = 10 μm. (C) Flow cytometric analysis of intracellular ROS production in mice PBMCs stimulated in vitro with PBS, CPA, or Rosup (positive control). Histograms show DCFH-DA fluorescence within the gated neutrophil population. (D) Flow cytometric analysis of intracellular ROS production in human PBMCs stimulated in vitro . Histograms show DCFH-DA fluorescence within the gated neutrophil population. (E) Relative mRNA expression of NETs-associated genes in stimulated mice PBMCs ( Tlr4 , Padi4 , Hmox1 , Nfe2l2 , and Cybb ) and human PBMCs ( TLR4 , PADI4 , HMOX1 , NFE2L2 , and CYBB ), as determined by qPCR. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (∗ P < 0.05; ∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (F) Representative Western blot detecting PAD4 and CitH3 protein levels in lysates from stimulated mice PBMCs and human PBMCs ( n = 3). (G) Densitometric quantification of the protein bands shown in (F). Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (∗ P < 0.05; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (H) Caspase-3 activity measured by flow cytometry within the gated neutrophil population of stimulated mice PBMCs and human PBMCs. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test ( vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (I) Flow cytometric analysis of apoptosis in stimulated mice PBMCs and human PBMCs using Annexin V and 7-AAD staining. Representative dot plots are shown. The bar graph shows the quantification of the live cell percentage (Annexin V − /7-AAD - ) within the gated neutrophil population. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant).

    Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B

    Article Title: Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin drives pathological NETosis via immature neutrophil mobilization and functional reprogramming

    doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2025.09.011

    Figure Lengend Snippet: CPA directly induces NETosis in both murine and human neutrophils in vitro . (A) Representative immunofluorescence images of purified neutrophils from mice stimulated in vitro with PBS, CPA, or PMA (positive control). Cells were stained for CitH3 (red) and MPO (green). Scale bar = 10 μm. (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of purified neutrophils from humans stimulated in vitro with PBS, CPA, or PMA (positive control). Cells were stained for CitH3 (red) and MPO (green). Scale bar = 10 μm. (C) Flow cytometric analysis of intracellular ROS production in mice PBMCs stimulated in vitro with PBS, CPA, or Rosup (positive control). Histograms show DCFH-DA fluorescence within the gated neutrophil population. (D) Flow cytometric analysis of intracellular ROS production in human PBMCs stimulated in vitro . Histograms show DCFH-DA fluorescence within the gated neutrophil population. (E) Relative mRNA expression of NETs-associated genes in stimulated mice PBMCs ( Tlr4 , Padi4 , Hmox1 , Nfe2l2 , and Cybb ) and human PBMCs ( TLR4 , PADI4 , HMOX1 , NFE2L2 , and CYBB ), as determined by qPCR. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (∗ P < 0.05; ∗∗ P < 0.01; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (F) Representative Western blot detecting PAD4 and CitH3 protein levels in lysates from stimulated mice PBMCs and human PBMCs ( n = 3). (G) Densitometric quantification of the protein bands shown in (F). Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test (∗ P < 0.05; ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (H) Caspase-3 activity measured by flow cytometry within the gated neutrophil population of stimulated mice PBMCs and human PBMCs. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test ( vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant). (I) Flow cytometric analysis of apoptosis in stimulated mice PBMCs and human PBMCs using Annexin V and 7-AAD staining. Representative dot plots are shown. The bar graph shows the quantification of the live cell percentage (Annexin V − /7-AAD - ) within the gated neutrophil population. Data are mean ± SD, n = 3. Statistical significance was determined using an unpaired two-tailed t- test (∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. PBS-treated. ns, not significant).

    Article Snippet: Cell apoptosis was measured using an Annexin V-PE/7AAD apoptosis kit (MULTISCIENCES, AT104-100, Hangzhou, China) and Cleaved Caspase-3 (Asp175) Antibody (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate) (Cell Signaling Technology, 9669S, Danvers, MA, USA).

    Techniques: In Vitro, Immunofluorescence, Purification, Positive Control, Staining, Fluorescence, Expressing, Western Blot, Activity Assay, Flow Cytometry, Two Tailed Test

    Combination of KPT-330 and oxaliplatin induces apoptosis in oxaliplatin-resistant colorectal cancer cells. (A) Apoptosis rate of HCT116/L-OHP and HCT8/L-OHP cells treated with oxaliplatin, KPT-330 or the combination for 48 h, assessed by flow cytometry. The sum of early apoptotic cells (annexin V + /PI - ) in the lower-right quadrant and late apoptotic cells (annexin V + /PI + ) in the upper-right quadrant indicates apoptotic cells, and was used for quantification. (B) Viability of HCT116/L-OHP and HCT8/L-OHP cells treated with oxaliplatin and KPT-330 or the combination with Z-VAD-FMK for 48 h, analyzed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. (C) Apoptosis rate of HCT116/L-OHP and HCT8/L-OHP cells treated with oxaliplatin and KPT-330 or the combination with Z-VAD-FMK for 48 h, analyzed by flow cytometry. The sum of early apoptotic cells (annexin V + /PI - ) in the lower-right quadrant and late apoptotic cells (annexin V + /PI + ) in the upper-right quadrant indicates apoptotic cells, and was used for quantification. (D) Immunoblot analysis of HCT116/L-OHP and HCT8/L-OHP cells treated with oxaliplatin, KPT-330 or the combination for 48 h. ** P<0.01, *** P<0.001, **** P<0.0001. PARP, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase.

    Journal: International Journal of Molecular Medicine

    Article Title: Exportin 1 inhibitor KPT-330 reverses oxaliplatin resistance via p53 nuclear retention in colorectal cancer

    doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2025.5675

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Combination of KPT-330 and oxaliplatin induces apoptosis in oxaliplatin-resistant colorectal cancer cells. (A) Apoptosis rate of HCT116/L-OHP and HCT8/L-OHP cells treated with oxaliplatin, KPT-330 or the combination for 48 h, assessed by flow cytometry. The sum of early apoptotic cells (annexin V + /PI - ) in the lower-right quadrant and late apoptotic cells (annexin V + /PI + ) in the upper-right quadrant indicates apoptotic cells, and was used for quantification. (B) Viability of HCT116/L-OHP and HCT8/L-OHP cells treated with oxaliplatin and KPT-330 or the combination with Z-VAD-FMK for 48 h, analyzed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. (C) Apoptosis rate of HCT116/L-OHP and HCT8/L-OHP cells treated with oxaliplatin and KPT-330 or the combination with Z-VAD-FMK for 48 h, analyzed by flow cytometry. The sum of early apoptotic cells (annexin V + /PI - ) in the lower-right quadrant and late apoptotic cells (annexin V + /PI + ) in the upper-right quadrant indicates apoptotic cells, and was used for quantification. (D) Immunoblot analysis of HCT116/L-OHP and HCT8/L-OHP cells treated with oxaliplatin, KPT-330 or the combination for 48 h. ** P<0.01, *** P<0.001, **** P<0.0001. PARP, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase.

    Article Snippet: Apoptosis was detected using the Annexin V-FITC/PI kit [cat. no. AT101C; MultiSciences (Lianke) Biotech Co., Ltd.].

    Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Cell Counting, Western Blot